28 April 2021
Sahel: According to the UN, 29 million in Mali, Niger, Burkina Faso, Chad and parts of Nigeria and Cameroon need aid urgently. 1.6 million children suffer from severe malnutrition. 5.5 million have been displaced because of insecurity, first of all because of terrorist attacks.
BBC Africa Live 28 April 2021. 7:03
Sahel: An overview of the uncertainties and concerns raised in the Sahel by the death of Idriss Déby Itno & the need for Nigeria to now assume leadership.
https://theconversation.com/debys-death-threatens-security-in-the-sahel-nigeria-has-a-key-role-to-play-159731
Somalia: The president has backed down and will no longer extend his term by two years, instead there are to be new presidential elections. He has restored the 17 September 2020 deal that established an electoral framework – but the election modalities were exactly the point where no agreement was found…
BBC Africa Live 28 April 2021. 4:33
Somalia: Power grab by president Farmaajo? “Open fighting between security forces is evidence of a fragmented security apparatus. It does not show the force and authority needed for an authoritarian takeover that would include command of security forces. It shows rather the power struggles already underway over the carcass of the government and the renegotiation of what comes next.” The president is not trusted by large parts of the population – yet the opposition also does not offer credible leadership out of the crisis. The country is faced with “a violent escalation of toxic elite politics over control of sovereignty”.
https://theconversation.com/somalia-toxic-elite-politics-and-the-need-for-cautious-external-mediation-159270
27 April 2021
Algeria/France: “(T)he nuclear tests carried out by France in the desert of its former colony, Algeria, continues to pollute relations between the two countries”. Gerboise bleu (Blue Jerboa) was detonated 100m above ground near Reggane in the Sahara on 13 February 1960 was three times more powerful than the Nagasaki bomb. 16 other nuclear weapons were subsequently exploded in Algeria. Reggane had 6.000 inhabitants in 1960, many suffered from (long-term) effects of the atomic tests on their health. “Immediately after the Blue Jerboa blast, there were protests across the region as nuclear fallout from the bomb would be detected as far as Senegal, Ivory Coast, Burkina Faso and Sudan.” After four above-ground tests, the rest were conducted underground in Ekker in the Hoggar mountains – even those caused nuclear pollution. Finally, France shifted its nuclear experiments to French Polynesia. Algerian “researchers estimate that thousands of Algerians have suffered the effects of nuclear radiation across the Algerian Sahara, and many of the sites are yet to be decontaminated.” 60 years later, is it not time for France to assume responsibility? But to this day, the Algerian government still waits to be handed the complete maps of the French experiments in Reggane and In Ekker.
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-56799670
Kenya: In what seems to be a victory of nature conservation over corporate business, an “avocado farm located near a key wildlife park in Kenya has lost a bid to have its licence reinstated and resume operations”. Conservationists had feared the 40ha avocado farm “would interfere with wildlife habitats as well as affect some of the residents' pastoral livelihoods”. This may not be the end of the matter, “but the ruling is an indication that Kenya will take seriously the health of environment, and wishes of local communities, when faced with negative consequences of corporate-led ‘development’.”
BBC Africa Live 27 April 2021. 7:54
Nigeria: Channels Television has been suspended by Nigeria’s National Broadcasting Commission (NBC) and fined 9,300 USD for breaching the broadcast code: in a live broadcast last Sunday, a leader of the Indigenous people of Biafra (IPOB) had been allowed “to make secessionist and inciting declarations on air without caution or reprimand by the station” and “to make derogatory, false and misleading statements about the Nigerian army”. Only the day before the live broadcast, security forces had “killed commander Ikonso and six other IPOB militia members of IPOB’s armed wing”. In October 2020, Channels Television had already been fined “for ‘unprofessional coverage’ of the EndSARS protests and the crisis that followed”.
BBC Africa Live 27 April 2021. 7:02
Nigeria: Of the 20 students and 3 non-academic staff kidnapped at Greenfield University/Chikun area/Kaduna state in the night of Tuesday of last week, another 2 students have been found dead (3 dead students had been found on Friday, one member of staff had been killed during the kidnapping). Unlike other Nigerian states, Kaduna does not negotiate with kidnappers and does not pay ransom.
BBC Africa Live 27 April 2021. 6:17
Ghana/Togoland: After the First World War, German Togoland was split into two: the western part was handed over to Britain, the eastern part to France, both as UN trust territories. With Ewe-speakers living in Gold Coast, British Togoland and French Togoland, a movement formed to campaign at the UN for the political unification of the Ewes. The question re-emerged when, “(i)n November 2019, the Homeland Study Group Foundation declared the independence of ‘Western Togoland’. Its call was for the secession of Ghana’s Volta region and parts of the Northern and Upper East regions. At first peaceful, this demand led to violence in September 2020 with the emergence of the Western Togoland Restoration Front.” According to the article’s two authors, this secessionist conflict has its roots in how the old colonial powers framed it: secessionism was defined as a threat to state-building instead of as an expression of self-determination. Totally ignoring Ewe demands, the response from the authorities was one of “securitisation”. The UN Trusteeship Council followed the colonial powers, also ignoring Ewe demands. The UN, against its own principles of self-determination and decolonisation, rather stuck to colonial borders.
https://theconversation.com/ghanas-secessionist-conflict-has-its-genesis-in-colonialism-its-time-to-drop-the-threats-158953
Burundi/Rwanda: Of the 100,000 refugees who fled in 2015 from Burundi to Rwanda, 60,000 still live in Rwanda. Since last August, more than 23,000 have been repatriated. “Many more have registered to go back home since March, when the UN's food agency reduced food aid by 60% to Rwandan refugees blaming a sharp fall in international aid.”
BBC Africa Live 27 April 2021. 14:57